The Family After The War

Mrs May Lawton later told Jessie Preedy that on Saturday, 28th October 1916 Jack Brewster's family had a letter telling them of Joe's death.  One brother went into town and met Janey there, but it was obvious that the Thompson family had had no word of Joe, so this brother waited at the station for many hours to meet William Thompson ("Father" in these letters) on his return from Barrow and broke the news to him.  William went home and at first said he had heard that Joe had been wounded, but Jane Thompson ("Mother") immediately wanted to know where he was so that she could visit him; so William had to break the news to her.  (The details of this incident caused some confusion as May reported that Jack had met "Uncle Thompson", but that was the name used to refer to William; by that time J Thompson Ray had a motor-bike so would not have been using the train.) 

After the war the family were informed that Billie was buried in Plot 1, Row H Grave 13 of the Serre Road Cemetary No 2, Beaumont Hamel & Hebuterne, France.  Sarah did visit his grave. 

Joe had no known grave.  In October 1988 Chris Preedy (Jessie's great grandson) wrote to the War Graves Commission before going to the Battlefields and it was then that the family first knew that Joe's name is commemorated on the Thiepval Memorial France, Pier and Face 6A & 7C.  Sally Ashman visited the graves in 1989 and David Preedy visited them in 2002. 

It is a strange result of the inevitable chaos of the wartime situation that Billie's fate was uncertain at the time but his body was found and is in a known grave.  However Joe's death was observed and his body was buried at the time but the whereabouts of that grave were presumably lost later in the War. 

John did not return to France.  At the end of the War by which time he had been promoted to Captain, he returned to teaching and for very many years was the Headmaster of Denham School in Bucks.  His wounded leg troubled him all his life and he did receive a small invalidity pension. 

J. Thompson Ray did join the Army and served in Egypt.  Whilst he was away his wife, Janey, carried on his job as a grocery rep and she travelled daily through Cumberland and Westmoreland as well as caring for her mother. 

Sarah Thompson joined the then very new Spirella Co. in May 1916.  She was the chief organiser for Scotland and then for the whole of the North of England. 

Jessie and John Kennaugh brought up their family in Liverpool, but they always maintained very close ties with Whtehaven and they and their daughters spent many holidays in Whitehaven and St Bees.  In 1943 John Kennaugh presented a lifeboat to the Whitehaven Sea Scouts.  It was wrecked almost immediately on exercise but he arranged for its replacement. 

Jane Thompson never recovered from the loss of her two sons.  She rarely left the house and was always dressed completely in black, relieved only by a plain gold locket with a photograph of Billie and Joe on either side.  Her three sisters visited her practically every day of their lives. 

The Thompsons had five granddaughters and Jane lived to see two great granddaughters.  She died a few weeks before the birth of John Wood, the first boy to be born into the immediate family for 52 years. 

Mary Watson married Henry Lawton the Whitehaven Solicitor.  Gus Watson served in the RAF in World War II. 

Jennie Braithwaite married Allan Christian of Whitehaven. 

After his retirement from Vickers, William spent most of his time cultivating his garden, Janey's garden and an allotment.  His constant companion for many years was Janey's dog Badger.  Every Friday they would walk across the Loop Road, through the Park and visit the War Memorial, he would take flowers from his garden or greenhouse and sadly read the inscriptions. 

W.G. Gill - Monday 6th November 1916

Dear Mrs Ray,

Your letter dated 31st came to hand yesterday.  There is no need to thank me for writing to you about poor Joe.  He was my dearest chum, and it was because he was on the Gun Section at Aldershot that I am on it now.  Unfortunately I cannot write you very detailed particulars because as you know, the censorship is very stiff. 

You will have read of the place in the press about a week ago.  It may happen that very shortly some of us will be home on leave.  In that case when any Whitehaven man comes, he could give you full particulars.  Should it be myself I could answer anything you might ask.  I may say that I could go to the exact place now where Joe rests.  I know you have looked forward eagerly to him getting a leave.  That afternoon before he and Wilson were killed, we were speculating on going home together sometime - but it was not to be. 

Yes we've had a very hard time since July - walking under heavy shell fire for long distances in the open and trudging through battered trenches where one sunk two or three feet in the thick mud or muddy water at the same time carrying rifle, ammunition &c.  I would rather walk 20 miles over a fair road than 20 yards through those trenches again. 

It may interest you to know that Joe's life out here was all that could be wished for, and an example for more to follow.  His behaviour both in and out of the trenches was admirable.  Where possible he and I were always on duty together.  We spent many a jolly day together occasionally going on pass.  Everyone of the old hands miss both boys very much.  I am the only one of the old Battalion left in No 2 platoon except a few on the Bombers, Signaller &c so I am like a stray sheep. 

Well I think there is nothing more I can say now, so will conclude, hoping you will find at least a little consolation in knowing he played a true soldier's part up to the end and set a fine example. 

I am, Your sincerely, W.G. Gill. 

Syd - undated

Dear Mrs Ray,

I received you letter and was pleased you gave me a few particulars of Joe.  I had the Whitehaven News sent this morning and read the account of it.  I guessed they had been into it again.  It is hard to be killed after the good work they boys have done and were just waiting to be relieved.  I know what it's like waiting for relief after a hard battle.  It's like the poster that used to be up - "Will they never come?".  I am sorry it happened especially for your Mother's sake - that's what made me always feel for Joe.  I only wish you had seen him, he did make out a fine young chap. 

I don't know what I have felt since I received the news.  At first I could hardly believe it.  If ever a Battalion has had any hard fighting it is the 8th.  I may tell you I've never felt happy since I left it and came to this lot - England's last hope!  I would go out tomorrow to the 8th and there are not many of the old boys left - the best of them have gone now. 

I hope your Mother will not make herself ill, only it's a hard blow for her as I know how she felt for him.  I don't seem to mind what happens now.  There are a few young single chaps in Sunny Hill who should be out.  I don't mind them not joining, it shows their true spirit, only things should be divided a little, there should be someone from every house, and then all would realise war.  It's the people at home who are to be pitied.  Now I hope this finds you all in the best of health under the circumstances.  Remember me to all. 

Your sincere friend Syd. 

Wilson Graham - Tuesday 31st October 1916

In Hospital, Sussex. 

Dear Mrs Thompson, & Family,

I have heard the sad news from home of poor Joe, and I wish to tell you all how awfully sorry I am, and to extend to you all my heartfelt sympathy - not that it is much use to you in your sad loss.  But I pray God will comfort all of you in your bereavement. 

I don't think anyone in the Battalion knew Joe as well as I did.  I had a letter from him about three weeks ago, and he spoke about having it hot after I left on 3rd July but he said they were having a good long rest at the time of writing.  I remember well the morning of 3rd July when I was wounded.  Joe came up while they were bandaging my foot, and he shook hands and wished me the best of luck.  Little did I think I'd never see him more. 

Well I may only add to your grief by writing so I will conclude.  Again hoping that God will comfort you all. 

I remain, Yours very sincerely Wilson Graham. 

Syd - Undated

Cowlarnes Camp

Dear Mrs Thompson,

I have just heard the sad news about your loving Son Joe having been killed in action.  It was a great shock to me when I heard.  I wish I had still been with them all, so that I might have been able to tell you all about it. 

You may not know, but when I was out there, and we were in action, I always prayed that Joe would come safely through.  I would have given my life for Joe as he was a true Briton and I know he will have died fighting to the last.  I know it is hard to bear the great Sacrifice you have made in losing two of the best sons anyone could wish for, only you must try and keep up and not make yourself ill, as that would be the last thing they would wish for. 

I sincerely hope John will never have to go out any more.  You have my deepest sympathy in your Great Sacrifice. 

Your sincere friend, Sid Park

Miller Irving - Saturday 28th October 1916

In the Field. 

My dear Mrs Thompson,

It is with great regret that I write you these few lines expressing my condolence at the loss of your dear Son and my comrade Joe.  He fell with the younger of the Wilson boys in the attack last Sunday.  His death comes as a great loss to one and all in the Battalion as he was one of its original 8th. 

May God grant you comfort and solace in this your great hour of need.  With deepest sympathy to all,

I remain, Ever you sincerely Miller

W.G. Gill - Tuesday 24th October 1916

Dear Mrs Thompson,

You will no doubt be surprised to have a letter from me, but I am writing to inform you of poor Joe.  He was killed on Sunday evening last.  We were over the top again on Saturday morning and had a great time.  We obtained our objective and then went about half a mile over the German lines, captured some artillery and put one of their guns out of action.  Altogether I believe we had as many prisoners as we had men in the attack.  When we retired to our objective, which was a trench, I looked for Joe and saw him coming up the hill.  We shouted to him to hurry and he was soon with us.  All that day was spent in consolidating work. 

The next morning we were to be relieved, but the new division did not arrive until evening and it was half an hour or less before that, when poor Joe was killed along with Pte Robert Wilson who was standing beside him.  Two of us, including myself were buried by the same shell.  When we were dug out we immediately stepped over towards where we knew they were, and found both dead.  They suffered no pain.  Both received a soldier's grave.  Sergeant Joseph Wilson and I recovered some photographs, correspondence &c and handed them over to the Coy. Quarter Master Sergeant who will no doubt be writing to you.  Joe has been my closest companion ever since war broke out in 1914.  He was an excellent soldier and is missed by all, especially the Lewis Gun Section. 

A parcel arrived for him yesterday and was disposed of in the usual way.  Jack Brewster and the remainder of the company including myself wish to express our sincere sympathy in your great loss. 

I am, Yours truly, W.G. Gill

Sunday 22nd October 1916

Joe was killed in action on 22nd October 1916

Joe - Wednesday 11th October 1916

Dear Mother,

I received all your letters, and I got the photograph also a P. Order from Sarah.  We are out of the trenches again and have been for a few days.  I have not received my parcel this week yet.  I usually get one on Mondays, but I think our mail is delayed these few days.  I had a parcel waiting for me when I came out of the trenches.  Syd will likely be in England for a bit, but as a rule they don't keep chaps long in England who have been out before.  I expect John will be home for a few days soon.  Father's holiday will likely be over.  I have plenty of socks and everything else.  We are having fairly decent weather, it seems to have taken up, it was just like Summer today.  Well I've no more news at present so must close.  Hoping this finds you all well 

With Best Love to All, Your affectionate son Joe. 

Joe - Wednesday 4th October 1916

Dear Mother,

I have just found time to write.  I've not received my parcel, but we had no mail yesterday.  We are near the line again and we will be going into the trenches soon.  I've sent a few field cards off to you now and again.  I won't have any chance to getting any letters away for a while now, but I will send field cards.  Did Father never get my letter?  I will write to him again when I get time.  I was pleased Thompson had got exemption a bit longer.  It won't be long till Winter sets in.  I've heard nothing from Lowca yet, but don't suppose I'll hear from them.  I had two papers from Uncle Tom and a letter from Tom.  Well I have no more news so must close.  Hoping this finds you all well. 

With best love to all, Joe

Joe - Friday 22nd September 1916

Dear Mother,

I received your parcel safely and thanks for same.  I have had letters from Jess, Janey and Sarah.  I am going to write to Mr Hartley, I had a very nice letter from him.  You might send me another tin of Harrison's pomade.  I have hardly any left now.  I was pleased to hear Thompson was exempt for a while.  Janey would hardly be fit to take up the work yet.  Syd will be landing on sick leave shortly, he is very lucky it isn't long since he was on leave.  I've written to Wilson Grahame, he seems to have had a trying time.  We are still out resting, and I hope we are out for a while yet.  Well I've no more news so must close.  Hoping this finds you all well. 

With best love to you all.  Joe

Joe - Sunday 10th September 1916

Dear Mother,

I received your parcel all right, also one from Aunt Eliza.  I must write to thank her.  I met Harry Johnson the day we came out of the trenches (Thursday), he looked well, so if every you see his Grandmother you can tell her he is A1.  I had a letter from Sarah yesterday, I also received her parcel safely.  You can thank Aunt Joan for the tomatoes, they were grand although they got a bit squashed.  Father will likely be as busy as ever; I cannot understand him not getting my letter.  I've been writing most of this letter in the dark, but it doesn't matter much as long as you can read it.  F. Wilkinson will be all right now.  I had a letter from him a few days ago.  I think there is still a chance of Billie turning up, so don't lose hope.  John seems to be having a nice time - longer than he expected. 

I think we are at last on our rest, we have been marched back to the trenches so many times that we won't take anything for granted.  We have been two months in this present offensive so I think we have had our share for a bit. 

I could not get a card so must wish you "Many Happy Returns of the Day" - also the same to Thompson.  Well I've no more news so must close.  Hoping this finds you all well at Home. 

Love to all Joe. 

Joe - Saturday 2nd September 1916

Dear Jess,

It's rather a long time since I wrote to you but we have been kept very busy lately.  I haven't had much time for letter writing.  John still seems to be having a nice time at Chester.  I wish we could get some news of Billie.  Of course it takes a long while to get news through.  We've had quite a number turned up as prisoners, so there is a good chance.  I had a letter from Wilson Grahame he seems to be having a trying time in hospital. 

10th September

I never got a chance of posting this letter, we were taken in a hurry to the trenches but we are back again now and I think we are right for a rest.  I had a letter from Sarah yesterday.  I received her parcel a few days ago, but yours hasn't turned up yet. 

I still think there is a chance of Billie being a prisoner, and if he was left wounded between the German first and second line with a bit of luck he should be all right.  I will send Mother a card for her birthday, it won't matter about being late.  I think F. Wilkinson is a lucky chap, but he had his share like the rest of us.  I met Harry Johnson when we came out of the trenches, he looks well. 

Well I've no more news remember me to John and Mr & Mrs Kennaugh and family. 

Your loving brother Joe

P.S. I just received your parcel yesterday (11th) it had been repacked in England as it was found broken, but it was all right when I got it. 

Joe - Saturday 2nd September 1916

Dear Mother,

I received your parcel all right and thanks for same.  I will have to write to Mrs Mayne and all the others who have been putting cakes in.  We have been in the trenches again and I haven't much time for letter writing. 

I am very sorry there is still no news of Billie, but don't lose heart, we are hearing nearly every day of someone else turning up prisoner of war so there is still a good chance.  I think I have been receiving all your parcels, I have had three pairs of socks from you lately, I mentioned them in my other letters, but I fancy one or two of my letters have never reached you.  I got John's parcel all right so you can thank him.  I forget whether I wrote to him or not.  Well I've no more news at present, so must close.  Hoping this finds you all well. 

I remain your loving son, Joe. 

Joe - Thursday 24th August 1916

Dear Mother,

I received your parcel thanks for same, also thank Mrs Mayne for the cake.  You need not send any more melons, I'm not struck on them. 

We were very near to the Division Billie was in.  I enquired about the 8th but I think they were in the trenches.  I cut Billie's photo out of the Sketch but I must have lost it, you might send me another if you have one.  I had a letter from Thompson, also a parcel from our John - you must thank him for it.  I don't care so very much for tinned fowl. 

Frank Wilkinson is very lucky.  You might tell him, I wrote to him to his Battery.  You want to live in hopes of Billie turning up.  We just heard today that one of our chaps - reported killed - has turned up as a prisoner of war.  Of course don't build up too much, but there's every chance.  Syd is all right.  Jack Brewster said he was talking to Janey.  Well I've no more news, hoping all are well. 

Love to all Joe. 

Joe - Monday 21st August 1916

Dear Mother,

I received your parcel safely and thanks for same.  It got rather a squashing but the melon was all right and also the cake.  I received about 6 papers yesterday, the photo of Billie is a good one, anyone knowing him will easily recognise it.  I heard F. Wilkinson had been down on leave, he will probably be back now.  Jack Brewster got a four days' leave - two at home.  Janey will probably have seen him.  I am expecting you hearing anytime that Billie is a prisoner.  Syd is all right.  Yes, you can send me another pair of socks and then I will be set up again. 

Well I must close, Hoping this finds all well. 

Your loving son Joe. 

Joe - Wednesday 16th August 1916

Dear Mother,

I received your parcel all right and also one from Ghyll Bank - it's jolly good of Mrs Nixon sending me parcels. 

I am expecting you are getting word any time now that Billie is a prisoner of war - if he is, he will be all right.  We are out for a rest and I think we will be out for a good while.  I had a letter from F. Wilkinson, he seems to be having a fairly decent time of it in France.  We are having grand weather - about the same as in England by all accounts.  John Bewster (DCM) came out in a draft to our Battalion and H. Ferguson as well.  I heard that A. Brocklebank and Bob Bannon are in France - they fairly rush troops out now.  Please thank Aunt Sallie for the ???  I will write to her when I get time.  Well I must close, keep on hoping for the best about Billie. 

Hoping this finds you all well at Home. 

I remain, your loving son Joe. 

Syd is A1.  Just received Janey's parcel. 

Joe - Sunday 6th August 1916

Dear Mother,

I received two parcels from home on 27th July and I had one from Jess the day before.  I had a letter from Janey written on 31st. 

If I come across any of the 8th Warwicks I won't forget to enquire after Billie.  There is every possible chance of Billie being a prisoner of war, but it takes a long while for news to come through, so don't look on the black side, keep on hoping for the best. 

You can send me another pair of socks now.  I am not in need of anything else at present.  John will be busy training likely.  I don't know whether I have had a letter from Mr Nelson lately, I fancy I had one a good while since but sometimes I have not much time to write.  I haven't heard anything more about any of the Lewthwaites.  Well I've no more news.  Hope this finds you well.  I've just had a letter from Sarah. 

With Best Love Joe. 

Joe - Tuesday 1st August 1916

Dear Janey,

I received your letter also a parcel from Liverpool from Jess. 

I can't tell you how sorry I was to hear about Billie, but you mustn't think he will not turn up.  It's far better to know that Billie was wounded and missing than just missing in this advance.  A good number of our wounded would be taken by the Germans - so you must hope for the best.  That pal of Billie's was right when we said the Warwicks Brigade had been in action on 1st July.  He just said Billie was wounded, but he knew no particulars, so there is every chance. 

We are in the trenches again, but it is fairly quiet this time in.  I sent a field card to Mother that should have been sent to Jess.  I don't know what happened to W. Lewthwaite off York Terrace and I know nothing about Jim Lewthwaite.  No one seems to know; some say they were wounded, but it's best to say nothing until the official news is heard.  Jack Wightman was in the same village as where we are stationed for one night and Hugh Baillie was talking with Jack but I didn't see him. 

Well I've no more news at present.  Tell Mother not to worry - I think good news will come soon.  With love to all. 

Your loving brother Joe. 

Joe - Saturday 29th July 1916

Dear Mother,

I received your parcel dated 20th and thanks for same.  We are behind the lines at present, but very close to the trenches.  We might go in anytime but I think we will be going back for a good rest in a week or so.  We are having very fine weather, I think Summer is only starting.  I've written to our John and to Father, in fact I've sent quite a few letters off, but they seem to take a long while to get through. 

Have you heard anything about Billie?  Is he in the 4th Division.  The Division he used to be in relieved us in the last trenches but I told you about that.  Father will likely be as busy as ever.  There was a chap called Andrew Douglas, Janey was talking to him when he was down on leave, he was on our Gun Section and was killed on 3rd July.  He was a decent chap and I was going to write to his wife, but I was under the impression that our Sergeant was writing.  Well Sergeant Graham had a letter from Mrs Douglas and she didn't know her husband was killed, and she is in a terrible way, and I can tell you I miss Andrew very much.  He lived in Ginns.  Have you any idea where Frank Wilkinson is?  He thought he was coming to France.  Syd is all right, he showed me a letter in which Mrs Graham said you had telephoned to Warwick about Billie and that he was all right up to the date of enquiry. 

Well I must close, hoping all are well.  Best love to all,

I remain your loving son Joe. 

Wednesday 26th July 1916

Letter from War Office stating poor Billie as

WOUNDED AND MISSING SINCE 1st JULY. 

Joe - Tuesday 18th July 1916

Dear Mother,

I was pleased to hear all at home are well, and I'm pleased to tell you I am not the worse for the advance we have been in.  We have lost a lot of good chaps but it likely can't be helped.  I got a parcel yesterday when we came out of the trenches.  I think it had been waiting for me a week, as we never got any post in the trenches.  Oh, I've just received another parcel. 

Now don't worry about me, I'm tip top.  I think we have done our share, we have been in four charges.  Syd is all right, never believe rumours, it's marvellous how they get about.  Talk about souvenirs, German helmets and all kinds of stuff.  I can tell you the Germans did not want for anything, their dugouts were splendid and hardly any worse after all the bombardment.  The 8th Warwicks (Billie's regiment) took over our trenches and I was going up to see Billie but we had to move out any minute so I did not manage to get up, but a lad out of our lot was talking to a mate of Billie's and he said Billie was wounded so I think it must be true, anyway you don't want to worry, I think you'll have had word by now.  The war looks like drawing to a close and I don't think anyone will be sorry.  Our Division has taken a good number of prisoners and they seem pleased to give themselves up, but are very frightened they will get shot.  John will hardly get out here again, I, hope he doesn't.  Janey was right in what she said.  Well I've no more news at present so must close. 

With love to all.  Hoping this finds all well at Home. 

Your loving son Joe. 

Joe - Sunday 2nd July 1916

Dear Janey,

I received the parcel with the chicken in also that one from Coopers.  The chicken was grand and no mistake and we didn't half enjoy it.  What do you think of the news in the papers?  It is grand isn't it?  I can see the war finishing in no time.  We are not in action yet.  Well I want to catch the post.  By the way our Billie had been in the next village to us, but I think he has been moved, but we are not allowed out of our own village. 

With love to all Joe. 

1st July - First Day of the Battle of the Somme

"It was one of the largest battles of World War I, in which more than 1,000,000 men were wounded or killed, making it one of the bloodiest battles in human history."
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_the_Somme

Joe - Friday 30th June 1916

Dear Mother,

I received your card also a parcel from Janey, one from Sarah and one with a pineapple from Jess and two apples, but I've not received the one you sent from Coopers with the tin of butter in.  We are still out of the trenches and I think a good distance from Billie.  I got a number of cards from home and from Jess and John and Billie and John for my birthday.  I expect you had a good time at Liverpool it would be a nice change for you.  You needn't send any more paper and envelopes at present.  If you are still able to send parcels (if not stopped) you might send another tin of health salts, as they make a good drink, but you need not send tins of butter we get them pretty regular.  Well I've no more news so must close. 

Hoping this finds all at Home well. 

Your loving son Joe. 

Billie - Monday 26th June 1916

Dear Jess,

Very many thanks for Sarah's parcel which I received in splendid condition a few days ago. 

You will be pleased to know we are out of the trenches and these last few days we've had a grand time and the weather has been great - scorching hot - and have practically nothing to do and no parades, we have quite enjoyed it.  We moved up here - just behind the line two days ago. 

I was very pleased to hear Mater was still down with you and having a good time of it.  Tell her to stay a week or two longer as I will not be home on leave for a week or two yet at least, but I will let you know as soon as I know for certain.  I was very pleased to hear Joe is out of the line and I bet he was pleased to get out of that little lot.  Glad to hear Janey is keeping better, also Sarah - she is not half doing some moving and by all accounts is doing jolly well.  I suppose Pater will still be working as hard as ever, and must be feeling ready for a decent holiday.  I had a letter from our John a few weeks ago, he is having to work a bit harder, but he cannot grumble as he had a good spell of nothing to do much. 

Oh the football team was invited to a dinner by the Colonel and officers of the Headquarters and we had a fine time of it.  We also had our photos taken, but we could not get our togs to be taken in them.  However we had the cup and that was the chief thing.  Oh Mr Hoskins was asking after our John, and said I had to tell him he was a long time in writing. 

Well I think this is all at present so must close hoping all are well and with kindest regards to all at Woodside &c. 

Your loving brother Billie. 

Billie - Saturday 24th June 1916

Dear Janey,

Very many thanks for letter also for parcel containing the money.  Also thank Aunt and Jennie for their share and thank Sarah for the parcel she sent from Liverpool which I received in splendid condition. 

We moved from our little town yesterday, and came nearer the line and I should think we'll be here 5 or 6 days.  The weather is dead rotten pouring with rain.  I hope it will soon take up.  You will no doubt be surprised to hear I'm in charge of a gun team now - what! what!  We were all very sorry to leave the place we were in resting, as the people were very good to us, and when we were coming away yesterday, they were all up to see us off, although we moved pretty early and nearly all were weeping as they think such a lot of us there. 

I was very pleased to hear Joe is, or was, out of the trenches again, but I suppose they are on the same game as we are.  They have sent another 2 on leave and another chap has gone sick so I'm 5th, so after this little lot I should come straight away, if they keep on with them. 

Well I think this is all the news up to the present so must close.  Cheer oh, and do not worry I will let you know how we are going on but of course there may be no post while this little lot is going on, so do not worry about me if you get no letter.  At any rate I will try and send Field cards to let you know how I'm going on.  Hoping all are well at home as this leaves me in the pink. 

Your loving brother Billie. 

Joe - Saturday 24th June 1916

Dear Janey,

I received your letter and I'm pleased to hear all are well at Home.  I got a parcel from Liverpool, Jess sent it for Sarah.  I've sent Jess a field card today telling her.  Jess sent me some tobacco, but I broke my pipe so I just smoke cigarettes now.  We have been having warmer weather lately a bit more like Summer.  I expect Thompson and you had a nice time at Eskdale, it will be all right there at this time of the year.  I expect you got my other letters.  You will see we've been kept busy.  John is having to work hard now, he will find a change.  What part of the line is Billie at?  I think you said he was back in the trenches.  John was telling me that Jack Shardlow is in hospital with enteric fever; he has been unlucky in some ways.  Sarah has had some travelling about Scotland, it will be all right in fine weather.  I've plenty of notepaper and envelopes so don't send any for a bit or it will get wasted - keeping it.  Well I have no more news at present so must close.  Hoping this finds you all well at Home. 

With love to all Joe. 

Billie - Sunday 18th June 1916

Dear Janey,

Very many thanks for the letter received a few days ago.  Pleased to say we are still out of the line and having a fairly decent time, although we are having to work jolly hard and do not get much time to ourselves.  However what little we do get we make the most of.  You would be surprised to hear our leaves were stopped on account of leaving the trenches dirty, and mind you we had working parties cleaning them the whole time we were in, and it poured with rain the whole blessed time, and then they stop your leaves, it gives you a lot of encouragement does it not?  However I suppose they will start in a few days again, at least we hope so. 

There are great preparations now for the big move and the time cannot be far distant, and I feel sure if it is at all successful it will be the beginning of the end.  The weather now is glorious again and is quite a treat.  This is a decent place - a little town and the people treat us jolly well.  The only thing is money is scarce, so please send me some more as soon as possible as we cannot draw any for a few weeks here. 

I was very pleased to hear from Sarah's letter that Joe was once more out of the line, and I only hope that he is kept out for some time.  You might kindly thank Billie for her letter and photo which we all think is a treat.  We have had two jolly fine dinners just opposite our billet - quite a treat - talk about enjoying it.  I think this is all the news, hoping all are well as this leaves me in the pink. 

Your loving brother Billie. 

Oh enclosed is a dark red rose and a pansy given me by one of the girls here.  We do get on all right here.  What! 

Joe - Sunday 18th June 1916

Dear Jess,

I received parcel and thanks for same.  The tomatoes were squashed and one or two were the week before.  I sent the card that Coopers enclosed and the same the parcel was damaged some of the envelopes were spoilt as well.  I wrote to Janey yesterday so she will be sending my letter on. 

20th June 1916

Well we are on the move again further to the south of France.  We are a good distance on the right of where Billie will be.  We have had rather warmed weather lately, but it is not like Summer.  We are in a fairly decent sized place, billeted in empty houses. 

It seems rather queer that John should be relieved by an officer of the same name, or pretty nearly the same.  I was pleased to hear Mother was still at Liverpool having a good time; the change will do her good.  I received the cards Mother sent.  Syd seems to have had a good time on leave, he would have liked to have seen you all.  John seems to be kept busy.  I heard that women were going to start working at Lowca on shells. 

It was sad about Bob Skinner and Alec Johnson.  I thought Bob would have pulled through all right although I think his wound was more serious than at first thought. 

We might not be able to get our letters away for a day or two as we are on the move.  Well I must close with love to all.  Hoping this finds you all well. 

I remain, Your loving brother Joe. 

Joe - Saturday 17th June 1916

Dear Janey,

I received your letter all right and am pleased to hear all are well.  We are on the move farther down the line.  We've had two days' marching and we aren't finished yet.  I got Sarah's parcel also the one from Liverpool but I've only had time to send a field card so far to Sarah and Jess.  Syd has landed back and seems to have had a good time.  I've broken my watch glass already.  I was pressing the cover down, it used to spring up, and I just pressed it into position and it broke the glass so if you can get the right sized glass and a new protector you might send them on, my watch is an Ingersoll Midget.  If you can't get one I'll get one out here.  Wilson Grahame wishes to be remembered to you.  I had a letter from Billie and the photo is splendid.  I can't put Billie Nixon now, so don't think it is our Billie.  You had better tell Billie to change her name. 

I was surprised to hear Ralph Turner is heading out for the front already, although troops do nt get much training now.  We are having moderate weather, too cold for June and plenty of rain and we've had extra hard training, in fact it was inhuman the way we've been dogged about all weathers; the men were absolutely walked to a standstill, even some of our officers said it was too much for the men, but some Generals have no feeling, they just think about themselves.  You talk about economy, why we have wasted pounds of corn, trampled through fields of it for miles.  English farmers would go wild if it happened on their farms.  You can't very well manoeuvre out here without going over crops, but it does seem a shame and there is often quite a lot wasted that could be prevented. 

Well I've no more news at present.  I had a letter from Sarah today.  Hoping this finds you all quite well at home. 

With love to all.  I remain your loving brother Joe. 

Billie - Thursday 15th June 1916

Dear John and Jess,

Very many thanks for lovely parcel received a few days ago.  Everything arrived in splendid condition except the tomatoes and someone had taken the trouble to stand on them so they were rather squashed, but we cannot help these things can we? 

You will no doubt know we have been in the trenches again, and a jolly rotten time we had as it poured with rain the whole time so you may guess we were in a nice state when we came out.  Well you will be pleased to know we are out now, and a few miles behind the line and up to the present we are having a decent time of it and only hope we are here sometime.  The people here are quite decent and will do almost anything for us.  I'm sitting in a house now using their ink and yesterday we had divisional colours given to us to sew on both sleeves so we got some of the girls to sew them on, and they quite enjoyed the fun of it. 

I had quite a nice parcel from Sarah yesterday containing sweets and fags and the fags were handy as we were just clean out.  I can just imagine I see John escorting Pater round St John's Market, I bet he would have a time.  You will no doubt be surprised to hear all our leaves are stopped, but think it is only on account of moving, as we have changed into another Brigade and we are now in the 11th Brigade of the 4th Division, but when writing just put 8th Warwicks B.E.F.  I will let you know if the leaves start again and when I think I'll be coming. 

Well I think this is all the news, so must close.  Hoping all are well, as it leaves me in the pink. 

Your loving brother Billie. 

Billie - Thursday 15th June 1916

Dear Janey,

Very many thanks for letter received a few days ago.  You will no doubt be pleased to know we are once more out of the trenches and back behind the line again for a rest, or should I say training.  You will also be surprised to hear out Battalion is no longer in the Warwicks Brigade as we have been transferred to the 11th Brigade.  We were inspected by the General yesterday and he told us it was a position of honour as this Brigade is commonly known as the "Stone Wallers" and had never lost a trench, and it was this Brigade that carried out the retreat from Mons.  He also told us we were given a position of honour in the great advance that will come off shortly around here and he felt sure we would uphold the Brigade that we are now in.  So in future do not put any address except the 8th Warwick or else we shall not get any letter &c.  Do not put any Division as we are moved from the 48th to the 4th.  This is what comes of being mentioned in despatches.  I thought I'd let you know all particulars but you need not tell Mater about it. 

You will be sorry to hear our leaves are stopped but I think this is only while we are being changed into the new division at least I hope so, and then I shall not be long until I'm home.  Kindly thank Mater for parcel received a few days ago, also thank Jess and John for their lovely parcel and Sarah for her jolly fine parcel received yesterday.  The weather these last few days has been awful; talk about rain, it has been more like Winter.  I was very pleased to hear Mother and Father had such a nice time in Liverpool and feel sure the change will have done Mother a lot of good.  I am writing this in a French house and they are quite decent people and will do anything for us.  We have been issued with blue ribbons' for our shoulders, the division colours, and we got the girls here to sew ours on for us.  Oh the General told us if anyone asked us which Division we were in we had to hit ourselves on the chest and say "11th Brigade of the 4th Division".  Our John knows who they are, so you will see we are Some Battalion now.  I wonder what Joe will say to this!  Well I've no more news hoping you are well as this leaves me in the pink. 

Your loving brother Billie. 

Joe - Sunday 11th June 1916

Dear Janey,

I received your letter and thanks for same.  We lost a good number of men this last time in the trenches but Syd would give you all the news.  We are having a hard time of it out of the trenches this time - we are on the go from morning till night.  We had not been three days out of the trenches till we were hard at it. 

I had a letter from John.  Pleased to hear Thompson has got exemption until September, there might be  possible chance of war being over.  I've just written to Jess.  You might tell Mother I wouldn't mind a roasted cock chicken in my next parcel.  Well I've no more news at present so must close.  With love to all. 

Hoping all are well Joe. 

Joe - Sunday 11th June 1916

Dear Jessie,

I received your parcel all right and thanks for same.  I am sorry I have not answered before, but I really have not had the time as we are kept hard at training from morning until night.  I expect Mother and Father have a nice time in Liverpool.  You wouldn't see Syd, he will be back anytime now. 

You would be sorry to hear about Bob Skinner and Alec Johnson being killed; Whitehaven has been hit hard lately.  I had a letter from John yesterday; he thinks he may be a month or two yet in England.  We are having very changeable weather, plenty of rain and we've been out route marching and training rain or fine.  I think Billie is having a better time on his rest than we are, I'd just as soon be in the trenches. 

I wrote to Jennie and May and enclosed a pansy in each, but it appears Jennie hasn't got hers and I sent it off first.  I am pleased to her that Thompson has got exemption till September.  I suppose John is as busy as ever, he does not seem to get much time to himself.  The photograph is a very good one.  I've just received the paper from Jennie and she has received my letter.  Well I must close, remember me to John. 

I remain your affectionate brother Joe. 

Billie - Thursday 8th June 1916

Dear Janey,

Very many thanks for letter also thank Mater for her parcel received in splendid condition three days ago.  You will no doubt be surprised to hear we are back in the line again, but only for a few days, but we are having it pretty rough what with the weather being so bad and practically no rations so you may bet we will not be sorry when we are out of this again, and back behind somewhere training again. 

I was very pleased to hear Mater was down at Liverpool, also that Father had managed to get a few days in Liverpool so I am sure the change will do him good after the way he is having to work.  I was pleased to hear Sarah was getting on all right, and I feel sure she will do well at her new work.  I cannot tell you how pleased I was to hear Thompson had got an extension so it will give you more time to get used to the business and you might be feeling much better by that time, as least I hope so. 

I had a letter from John tonight and he seems to be in the pink and still having a good time of it.  You say in your letter that he expects to come out again this week, but in his letter he says he will be a few weeks, and I only hope he is right as I will be able to see him before he goes out.  I was pleased to hear Syd was down on leave as he would be able to give you all particulars regarding Joe. 

I had a letter from Miller and he says they are in a very rough part of the line, but thinks they will be out of it by now; he also says what a fine big chap Joe is making so he cannot be taking much harm and this life must suit him.  Well you will no doubt be wondering when I am coming on leave, and as near as I can tell you, it will be in about three weeks, as they only seem to send two a week; but they may increase any time.  However I will let you know as soon as I know definitely. 

Well I think this is all the news up to the present, hoping Thompson and yourself are well, also Sarah and all at Liverpool as this leaves me in the pink.  I was very sorry to hear Alex Johnson had gone under and it must be a terrible shock to his people.  Sorry to hear Mater had not been so well, and hoping to hear she is better.  Kindly remember me to Mr Ray.  Oh you might ask Mater to send me some more money as I'm short and we're not getting any for a few weeks, also some Harrison's pomade and some leather bootlaces and a pair of shorter socks.  Cheer oh, hope to see you soon. 

Love to all Billie. 

Billie - Saturday 3rd June 1916

Dear Janey,

Very many thanks for the letter received last week also for the ripping parcel which we quite enjoyed. 

You will no doubt be wondering why I have not written just lately, but the fact of the matter is, we have been on the move, and have tramped miles all over the place and have finished up just behind the line again.  We have been here 2 or 3 days now and have had to do a lot of heavy digging all night up in the line and carry on our day parades &c as usual so you will see we have caught it pretty rough.  We go in the line again in 2 days time and then after that spell, we move back again for training.  You see they have so many troops out here now that they can give us spells out now. 

The weather up to last night has been glorious, almost too hot, but changed last night with a lot of rain and very cold.  You would no doubt see in the papers that our Regiment, in fact our Battalion has been mentioned in despatches for good work during the Winter, so we are coming on "What"! 

I was very pleased to hear Thompson has appealed and I feel sure they must give him a month or two, to get you in the way of things.  Oh before I forget you might tell Mater to send me some writing paper and a pair of thinner socks than usual as the thick ones are too heavy now the weather in warm.  \I suppose Mater is having a decent time at Liverpool, and I feel sure the change will do her good, besides being good company for Jess.  You will hardly know what to do with yourself. 

Well you will be, pleased to know I am 9th on the leave list so I.should not be long now.  How are you all keeping now?  I suppose Father is still working as hard as ever, and will no doubt feel ready for a rest, a good holiday is what would do him good.  I am glad to know that you are feeling better also that Thompson and his Pater are well.  Kindly thank Jess for her photo, I think it's splendid; also thank my cousins for their photos.  I've not had one from John yet. 

Is Joe out of the line again?  I suppose he will be as they seem too be working at the same rate as we are all along the line.  Well I think this is all the news up to the present.  I wrote to Sarah this morning so I hope she receives it.  Well I think this is all the news, hoping all are well as this leaves me in the pink. 

Your loving brother Billie. 

Joe - Saturday 3rd June 1916

Dear Janey,

I received letter and parcel all right and thanks for same.  I should have written earlier but I sent you a field card. 

Well we have moved back again for another rest, we are very lucky, although I must admit the place where we were was a bit rough.  We re having splendid weather and the village we are in is not a bad place.  You might just add "A" Company on my letters as we are back with our Companies.  Thompson will likely soon be called up.  Well, I think we wont have much longer to wait for peace. 

Syd Park will be home on leave now, I gave him my watch, it wants the pointers doing up with that illumination stuff.  I see there has been a big naval battle, it has been expected a long while now.  You might send me one of those small writing pads please that is if you have not sent one in the parcel.  John will not have much longer in England, he has had a nice stay.  I had a letter from Billie he is going on all right.  Well I must close.  With best love to all, hoping this finds all well at Home. 

I remain, your loving brother Joe. 

Billie - Thursday 1st June 1916

Dear Mater and Jess,

Very many thanks for letter and parcels received during the last few days.  I was very pleased to hear Mother is down staying with you for a time, as I'm sure the change will do her good. 

Well we are out of the trenches, but doing a lot of marching and yesterday we marched nearer the line and bivouacked out all night and today we go a little nearer to do some digging, but with a bit of luck we shall go right back again in a few days.  You will be pleased to hear we won the football cup with 17 goals for and none against us.  The officers gave us a fine time.  The weather is glorious, it is too hot for words when we are on the march.  However, lately we have got over the worst of the marching before dinner so it has been much better. 

I was pleased to hear that Janey and all at home are well and hope it will not be long before I am home to see you.  Kindly remember me to John and all at Woodside, also thank Janey for her lovely parcel and Thompson for the fags and chocolate.  I wrote to Joe the other day.  I was sorry to hear he is having such a rough time.  I hope it will not be long before they move from that quarter.  Oh if you like Jess, you can send me the New Magazine monthly instead of a weekly paper.  Sarah seems to be having a busy time but I should think she enjoys that sort of work.  I must write to her as soon as I've time. 

Well I think this is all the news so must close.  Hoping all are well as it leaves me in the pink.  Cheer oh. 

Your loving brother Billie. 

Billie - Monday 29th May 1916

Dear Janey,

Very many thanks for lovely parcel received in splendid condition, also thank Mother for her parcel and money we quite enjoyed it.  This parcel is a treat and I can bet we enjoy it. 

You will be thinking I have been a bit slack with letters just lately but the fact of the matter is we have been on four days practising attacks and bivouacking out at night and long marches all day.  We came back here yesterday so hope to have a few more decent days. 

You will no doubt be pleased to know we won the football cup, and it really is a beauty.  We had it presented to us last night and after the presentation the camp officers provided the team at H.O. with a real dinner and I can tell you we had a great time and the champagne was flying about like water.  I never enjoyed myself better and I only wish there were more cups to be played for, if we'd get a time like last night. 

I was very pleased to know from Jess's letter that Mother is in Liverpool and having such a good time.  The change will do her good.  I will write to Jess and she tomorrow. 

I was pleased to hear all are well at home.  Well I think I've no more news so must close, hoping all are well as this leaves me in the pink. 

Your loving brother Billie. 

Joe - Saturday May 27th 1916

Dear May,

I was pleased to receive your letter & thanks very much for the cake your Mother sent.  We are in the trenches, but we are expecting to move back shortly for another rest.  You will have a change now working up at the farm, it will keep you busy.  We have been having some rain these last few days, but it seems as if we are going to have it fine today.  I am enclosing a pansy it was grown in the ruined village near our reserve trenches.  It will not be long now to Haytime a month or two at anyrate.  How is your Grandma Watson keeping, I expect she is better again.  I heard the other day Alex Johnston was killed, he was in the R.E.s sapping a god number of Whitehaven chaps have been killed lately.  The photo's that Jennie sent were very good Fergie had got a smile on.  Well I've no more news at present so must close, hoping this finds all at home well, with love to all

I Remain,

Your loving cousin

Joe

P.S. thanks very much for the [?] Fergie sent. 

Joe - Tuesday 23rd May 1916

Dear Sarah,

I have only found time to answer your letters now.  I expect you like your new work.  If you are having weather like we are at present it will be all right travelling.  I hear Mother has gone to iverpool to Jess, for a holiday; it will do her good.  I was pleased to hear Billie has got out for rest at last.  I think we are going back for another rest and some training.  I had a letter from Jennie and some photos also a letter from May I will have to write to them as soon as I have a little spare time.  Thompson won't have very long at home now unless he gets his appeal granted.  I think he should. 

I met Gilbert Pearson he is in trenches on our right.  He looks well and is a proper Jock, Gilbert has been out here about the same time as out Billie, but he has had one leave, and is looking forward to another. 

You will likely be keeping your business on still, Millie will be in command.  I got the 10/- all right, and thanks very much for same.  I am not in need of any money or anything just now.  I have had a few letters from Jessie, she seems to be settled down in her new home.  A good number of Whitehaven chaps have been wounded and some killed.  Well I've no more news, hoping this finds you all well at home. 

I remains, your loving brother Joe. 

Joe - Monday 22nd May 1916

Dear Mother,

I received your parcels and letters, but I am sorry to say the one containing the lemon cheese got a bit of a smashing up, the pot wasn't broken but most of the contents had run out, nevertheless At will be eaten just the same. 

We are out of the front line and in the reserves again and are going back for another rest in a few days; anyhow I think we have had our last turn in the firing line in this spell.  There was a lively do last night, the Germans started bombarding and our chaps finished it.  We had our first experience of "Tear" shells and we don't want any more.  Our eyes watered for long enough and smarted. 

I see by Janey's letter that you have gone to Liverpool; it will be a nice change for you.  We are having scorching weather and we are basking in the sun, in some very queer surroundings - all the houses down to the ground and talk about fruit trees, the mass is one mass of orchards.  The last day we were in the firing line, about half an hour before we were relieved, we were sitting in the dug out and one or two chaps sitting outside and Fritz had been sending over some rifle grenades.  Well we heard one coming and Jack Rimmer (from Whitehaven) just got his head and shoulders in the dug out when one burst 2 yards away.  He was wounded in two or three places in the leg, and after he had the wounds dressed, he set off to limp down the trench when another grenade came and got him again, also an officer; but I'm glad to say they should pull through all right.  I'm sure they will get to Blighty. 

I wrote to John whilst in the trenches.  Syd is all right and in the pink.  Well I must close

Hoping all are well.  Love Joe. 

Billie - Friday 19th May 1916

Dear Mater,

Very many thanks for the lovely parcel received a few days ago, also for the letter received yesterday.  Also thank Aunt Sallie for the lovely cake and fags she sent me. 

Well we are out resting or should I say training and we are having a jolly decent time of it.  We have been playing football a great deal and our team is excused all parades to allow us to do a bit of training so we will be fit, and I can tell you I feel a lot better for it.  We played the 7th Battalion last night and licked them 4:0 so now we stand a very god chance of winning the Brigade Cup.  If we win this, the officers are going to stand us a slap up feed &c so you may guess we are all pretty keen.  The cup we are playing for is a beauty and competition is very keen, and the gates we get are good. 

I was pleased to hear Janey had gone to Roa Island for a few days as I am sure the change would do her a lot of good.  Pleased to hear Father and you are well and hope it will not be long before I come on a visit to see you.  I had a letter from Sarah a day or two and she seems to be having quite a decent time of it although I expect she will have plenty of work, but she always was keen on work and I reckon this will suit her down to the ground.  I also had a letter from Jess and she seems to be having a very busy time and from all accounts she must have a lovely home now. 

The weather now is a treat - if anything it is too hot, but we have a stream here so can have a bathe when we like, so it is not so bad.  I was sorry to hear Joe's lot are having such a rough time and I hope they will soon be out of it.  I think it was the lot that relieved them that relieved us. 

Well I think this is all the news so hoping all are well, as this leaves me in the pink. 

Cheer oh.  Your loving son Billie. 

Joe - Sunday 14th May 1916

Dear Mother,

We are still out of the trenches and having a fairly decent time.  I heard yesterday that we are not going back to the trenches we came out, but I think we have to go in once more, then perhaps another little rest, then move to some other part of the line.  I expect my parcel will arrive today and then I'll get this letter away.  Bob Skinner is in England now also Tom Donnan, so I hope they pull through all right. 

I had a letter from Jess, I will write to her in a few days.  They hadn't a long honeymoon.  I think there will be a lot more chaps called up, now that compulsion has come in.  Billie will be ready for a rest and no mistake and it's quite time he got a leave.  I had some good cracks with Gilbert Pearson- he has been out nearly as long as Billie, but he has had a leave.  If you look in the papers you will no doubt often see the place where we are, and just take notice of the different places where mines have been exploded, and then mention a few names and I'll tell you which is right. 

"A" company played some French sappers at football yesterday and we had some fun; the best part of the Frenchmen hardly knew how to kick the ball so our chaps let them score.  We won 5:3 but it was not a matter of goals - it would have been a cricket score if our lads had wished. 

I had a letter from Jennie and some photos, so I will write to her and I will write to Aunt Sallie and thank her for her loaf.  I was going to send a letter with a chap who was going on leave but he got away before I had time to give him it.  Oh I've received a parcel all right and thanks for same.  Well I've no more news at present so must close.  Hoping this finds all at home well. 

With love to all Joe

Billie - Sunday 14th May 1916

Dear Jess,

Very many thanks for the letter received a few days ago.  You will no doubt be pleased to hear we have really been relieved at last and we are now 15 miles behind the line resting.  We are in barns in a village just outside a decent town, and they grant a few passes every day so it is not so bad.  I went yesterday and had a jolly decent meal for a change. 

We had it jolly rough the first two days we were out as we went up the line a bit and bivouacked in a wood and had to go digging every night for 8 hours and jolly hard work it was too.  I never felt so tired in all my life.  The weather was awful while we were on this game - poured with rain the whole time, but it made no difference we had to go on digging wet or fine, so we were in a nice state I can tell you, covered in mud and wet through.  However after two days of this we were ordered to pack up and clean ourselves a bit and then we set off to come here.  We were inspected on the road by the Army Corp Commander and he was very pleased with the way we marched past.  We are having a fairly easy time of it up to the present and you may guess we are enjoying ourselves.  The whole brigade has been issued with new rifles and bayonets so it looks promising for a bit of scrapping. 

I got a threepenny piece out of your bride's cake and a pal of mine got a silver donkey out also.  I expect to be home on leave in about a month's time with a bit of luck.  Well I think this is all the news up to the present so must close.  Hoping John and you are quite well and with kindest regards to all at Woodside. 

Your loving brother Billie. 

Just had a letter from Sarah she seems to be having a nice time in Dumfries.  Oh the Scotch short cake you sent me was great. 

Billie - Saturday 13th May 1916

Dear Janey,

Very many thanks for home letters and parcels received a few days ago.  You will no doubt be pleased to learn that we are at last away from the line and are now in a small village situated outside a fairly decent little town and they grant a few passes every day to go into this town so it is not so bad.  I went yesterday and had a good look round and had a jolly good meal - pork, beans and potatoes - quite a change after army rations especially those we have had lately. 

I was awfully sorry to hear you were still not well and hope by this reaches you that you are much better.  At any rate you must take greater care of yourself, it is no use keeping peggin' on; you have a jolly good rest and tell Thompson from me that he must try and get an extension.  I'm sure he ought to when you see the petty things some of them are getting them for.  At any rate you must not worry yourself, it will all come right in the end. 

I was pleased to hear Father and Mother are well, and hope if things go on well too be home with you all in a month's time.  However do not build too much on this as they may stop again any time.  I am sorry to hear Joe was having such a rough time and hope they'll soon move him away from that quarter.  I must write to him in a day or two.  Our brigade has been issued with new rifles and bayonets yesterday.  Kindly remember me to all, hope Mr Ray is keeping better. 

Well I think this is all the news.  Hoping all at home are well, also all aunts and cousins.  Cheer oh. 

Your loving brother Billie

Joe - Wednesday 10th May 1916

Dear Mother,

I received your parcel yesterday and thanks for same.  We came out of the trenches last night and are out for 6 days.  I was sorry to hear Janey has not been well and expect she is better again.  Jess will likely be back at Liverpool and settling down. 

Jim Williamson was accidentally wounded; a chap was cleaning his rifle and he fired a round, wounding Jim in the thigh, but as luck happened it is not very serious, no doubt he will get to England though.  We are having fairly decent weather now and rain now and again, but still we can't complain.  I got Janey's letter the same day as the parcel.  Bert Kelly went on leave today so he will be in Whitehaven shortly.  I wrote to Billie a while since but have had no reply yet.  I was talking with Gilbert Pearson today.  He is just on our right, he is in the 6th Black Watch.  I had a letter from Sarah today from Dumfries; I must write and thank her for the 10/- she sent me.  Well I've no more news at present so must close.  Hoping this finds all well at home. 

I remain, Your loving son Joe

Billie - Tuesday 9th May 1916

Dear Mater,

Very many thanks for the lovely parcels received last week also for the money I received safely.  Also thank Sarah for the money she sent.  I will write to her as soon as I get time.  Yes the wine arrived in perfect condition. 

Well you will no doubt be pleased to hear that we have really been relieved at last, but up to the present we have not had much rest.  We marched about 5 miles back and had a couple of days' rest and then we came just behind the firing line and we were digging here for 7 hours right of the reel, so you may guess that we were pretty tired when we got back at 3 this morning.  We are bivouacked on top of a hill and the weather is awfully cold, wild and wet - so you may bet we are looking forward to when we move from here.  These bivouacs are a treat and no mistake; they were up when we came and if you get full stretch half the chaps wouldn't get in - if you have your head under the shelter you have your feet out.  However we move from here tomorrow and go off back behind the line some 15 miles or so, so we do not mind putting up with this for the present.  We will not be able to send many letters while we are on the move so do not be alarmed if you do not hear from me for a few days. 

I was sorry to hear that Janey was not better; you want to get her to stay over at home and look after herself.  Pleased to hear the rest are all well.  You won't half have a small family with Jess at Liverpool and Sarah travelling.  You will no doubt be feeling a bit lonely but never mind there are better times in store for all of us.  Tell Jess and Sarah I will write as soon as we get settled down, also I'll write to our John.  Sorry to hear Joe is having such a rough time and I hope they will soon be moved from that quarter.  I hope Thompson is well. 

Well I must close as I want to catch the post.  Hoping all are well as it leaves me in the pink. 

Your loving son Billie

Joe - Tuesday 2nd May 1916

Dear Janey,

Thanks for letter and parcels received.  I also received one from Ghyll Bank. 

Well we are back in the trenches again, we are going up to the firing line tomorrow, we have been having a rest in reserves.  I will not be able to write many letters for another 6 days so you will know the reason. 

Thompson will likely be busy.  I hardly think his group will be called up although there is no telling.  I will give Syd a piece of the bride's cake, I got a threepenny piece and a small silver horse show out of the cake so I didn't do bad eh?  Nearly all the chaps in our section drank Jessie's and John's health and I think we all wished there were weddings every day.  You will have to thank Jess for me and I will write to her when she gets settled.  I will have to write to Billie and thank her for her parcel too. 

Leaves have started again but I don't know whether I will be enough to get.  I would like to see Billie get home - he has had a long spell. 

You would likely hear about B. Skinner and all the others.  We had four killed and one wounded the other night so we had rotten luck.  Well I've no more news at present so must close. 

With love to you all.  Your loving brother Joe. 

Billie - Monday 1st May 1916

Dear Janey,

Very many thanks for Jess' parcel received last night which all enjoyed so much.  I have not cut the cake yet so I will let you know if I get anthing out of it.  I was very pleased to hear everything went off all right, I suppose you were not sorry when it was all over eh? 

The weather now is lovely just like proper Summer and you can guess we are making the most of it.  I am out resting for another day and it is quite a treat to get one's equipment and coat off and get cool.  After this spell we are out for 24 days so we will get a rest if nothing else, and it will be a treat if this weather continues. 

Did you see the photo of Bunny in the Daily Sketch last week.  Well you will no doubt know that all leaves are starting again, so I should not be so very long now, at least I hope not.  I was very pleased to hear all are well at home. 

What do you think of the doings in Ireland?  They are getting to a nice pitch are they not?  Have you heard from Joe lately?  If so, is he in the line again?  Yes, you might send me some more money please seeing we will be out for 24 days.  I had another jolly decent parcel from the Director two days ago; jolly good of him is it not?  Suppose Sarah will be very busy now.  Does Thompson know when he will be called up, not for some time yet I hope? 

Well I think this is all the news at present so must close, hoping all at home are tip top as this leaves me in the pink. 

Cheer, oh.  Your loving brother Billie. 

Joe - Sunday 30th April 1916

Dear Father,

I think it is about time I was letting you know how I am getting on although I know you will see all the home letters.  Well, you will probably know we are back in the trenches for another spell.  I think I am only 20 miles from Billie but there is not much chance of seeing him.  The place where we are was once a village and I've never seen a place laid so low with shell fire, there is hardly one part of a house left standing - just a jumble of bricks. 

You will likely be as busy as ever, there shouldn't be any one out of work in England.  We are having splendid weather now, just like Summer, and it has fairly dried the trenches up.  I think there has been some fun in Ireland.  It looked rather serious at first, but the military authorities soon got things well in hand. 

I expect you all had a good time at the weddings.  I sent Jess and John a letter with my best wishes.  Well I have no more news at present so must close hoping this finds all at home well.  Remember me to Mrs Mayne.  I hope she is keeping well. 

Your loving son Joe

Saturday, 29th April 1916

Easter Rising ends with the unconditional surrender of Republican forces. 

Billie - Saturday 29th April 1916

Dear Janey,

Just a line to let you know I am going on all right, also thanks for the parcels received from home these last few days, also thank Jess for her ripping parcel I received last night.  Well I suppose by now all will be over and you will be settling down.  You will no doubt be pleased to hear that leaves are starting again so with a bit of luck I should not be so long.  However do not expect me for some time yet as you know how they keep stopping them. 

You will no doubt be sorry to hear Bunny's younger brother has been wounded, so his people are having some very bad luck.  I was awfully sorry to hear about Bunny's girl being ill.  It must be awful for her especially seeing she is in diggings. 

What sort of weather did you have for the weddings?  It has been like Summer here - almost too hot for anything. 

Well I think this is all the news at present so must close.  Hoping all are well as it leaves me in the pink. 

Your loving brother Billie. 

Joe - Friday 28th April 1916

Dear Mother,

I received the two Easter parcels from you and thanks for the same.  I got Jessie's today so it landed a day after the wedding, but you needn't worry about that.  I will enjoy the parcel just as much as if it landed yesterday. 

Well we have been in the trenches six days and we are now in the reserves in deep caves.  Tom Anderson who is a Sergeant was killed yesterday and Bob Skinner and a chap called Donnan from Whitehaven were wounded.  I had a letter from F. Wilkinson and he reckons they are coming to France.  We are having very hot weather although our first two days in the trenches we had a lot of rain, but this is making up for it.  Leaves have started again but for how long before they will be stopped again no one knows. 

You will be more settled at home now that the weddings are over.  Sarah will not have long at home now.  I hope she likes her new work.  I haven't had a reply from Billie yet, but if he is in trenches like ours he won't be able to get letters away for six days, only green envelopes; that is the way we have to do in our section so you won't have to expect many letters now, but I will send more field cards. 

Syd is getting on all right, and all the other Whitehaven chaps are in the pink.  I will write to Father tomorrow, it's a while since I wrote to him and I will write to Thompson as well.  I had a letter from Jennie. 

Well I've no more news at present so must close.  Hoping this finds all well at home. 

Your loving son Joe

Billie - Thursday 27th April 1916

Dear Sarah,

Kindly thank Mater for the two ripping parcels received on Easter Monday and Easter Wednesday also for the money. 

Well I suppose by this the great events will all be over and you will once more be settled down.  On John's wedding day we came into the trenches, and yesterday (Jess's day) we were in the front line, but I was thinking of you all.  What sort of weather had they - I only hope it was fine? 

It has been too hot for words these last few days, quite a treat if it was not for the shelling.  There is a rumour about that we are going back for six weeks' rest after this time in, and I think this is right this time, as our other Battalions have been relieved and we are the only Battalion our of our Brigade that is in the line; so they look as though they are at last coming our way.  I hope so at any rate, but will let you know. 

I suppose you will be very busy now your time is so short.  I guess you won't half be having a rush.  I am sorry to hear Janey is not better yet, but hope she is improving.  How are all at home, also all at Greenwell House, George St and Catherine Street?  I hope they are all well.  Pleased to hear Thompson is not called up yet, and I hope it will be longer still before it does happen.  Pleased to hear Joe is all right. 

You will no doubt be sorry to hear poor Bunny's brother has been wounded but I've not heard any particulars.  He was through Loos.  The grub when we were out last time was too awful for words and we were always having to buy.  Tell John that Adjutant Hoskins had a fall from his horse and has gone to England - I think. 

Well I think this is all at present.  Hoping all are well as it leaves me in the pink. 

Your loving brother Billie. 

Billie - Wednesday 26th April 1916

MR & MRS J.C. KENNAUGH.  HEARTIEST CANGRATULATIONS AND WISHING YOU MUCH HAPPINESS.  SORRY I CANNOT BE PRESENT BUT AM LOOKING FORWARD TO THE DAY WHEN I CALL ON YOU.  SO HERE'S TO THE DAY. 

CHEER OH BILLIE.